A MINUTE DESCRIPTION ON "TOBA TEK SINGH" BY SADAT HASAN MANTO
A
MINUTE DESCRIPTION
ON
"TOBA TEK SINGH"
BY
SADAT HASAN MANTO
ABOUT THE ENTIRE STORY
" Toba Tek Singh '' , excellently created by Sadat Hasan Manto, was published in 1955 . It is originally written in Urdu . The story mainly revolves around the protagonist Bishan Singh , a Sikh, and his tragic endings of life , and about some of the inmates in a lunatic asylum . The story has been set in the aftermath of 1947 India-Pakistan partition . As a result , it became the matter to transfer Muslim lunatics to Pakistan and Hindu and Sikh lunatics to India . Some of the lunatics got heavy shock while some became enthusiastic . One of them was Bishan Singh who once was a landlord in his hometown Toba Tek Singh . Some of the inmates of the asylum would call him "Toba Tek Singh" . As well as this , he had been in an asylum where he spent sleepless nights for nearly two decades . On hearing the shocking news , he became more despondent and hopeless and even speechless than he was before . The day of the exchange came . Everyone except Bishan Singh was exchanged on the basis of religion . But , when he knew that his hometown fell in Pakistan , he refused to budge . Many tried from all directions to push him towards India , but he became more stubborn and did not move . When the dawn descended , he found himself in between two barbed wires , standing on the newly drawn border line , a bit of earth . Finally , he collapsed on the ground . In this way , the story has been terminated in a pathetic way, throwing light on the terrific violence which is truly pitiful and heart-rending . However , whatever the story tells relating to the madness is quite symbolic and partially metaphorical as far as known to be practical . The story has been set in a lunatic asylum where people of different castes and cultures who have gone totally as well as partially mad stay under treatment . With the progression of the story , we find those inmates to suffer and how they are traumatized and dislocated . Falling into a state of great madness , a lunatic crazily says : "I wish to live neither in India nor in Pakistan . I wish to live in this tree ". Actually to say , the lunatic asylum , here , represents the whole outlook of partitioned India . Besides this , a lunatic claims Pakistan to be " the name of a place in India where cut-throat razors are manufactured ". There is no denying that the writer is able to quench his thirst through criticizing the India dividing policy by using a madhouse or madness in this story in a symbolic and partly metaphorical way . The asylum becomes a microcosm of the divided nation . In spite of being mad , they realise the division of their country and start realising forthcoming effects of partition , thus they find it strange . They become more and more thoughtful . It is true that the whole rigmarole they raise seems to be hilarious as well as foolish , but it , on the other hand , originally makes true sense that reveals a realistic and pictorial depiction of partitioned India from all directions . The story is a satire one in a total form . This is obviously because the story " Toba Tek Singh " by Manto is the best fitting example of the condition and situation of a partitioned nation in Partition literature . However , the termination of the story is so pathetic and pitiful that passing the scene is poignant , remorseful and compunctious . The text says :" There , behind the barbed wire , on one side , lay India and behind more barbed wire , on the other side , lay Pakistan . In between , on a bit of earth which had no name , lay Toba Tek Singh ".
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